Santa Monica Civic Center Parking Structure_ 친환경인증(LEED)을 받은 산타모니카 시빅센터 주차장

태양광패널, 자연통풍과 채광이 가능한 지속가능한 건축을 시도해

미국 남서부의 휴양지 산타모니카에 위치한 시빅센터 주차장은 지상 6층과 지하 2층의 공간에서 약 900대의 주차공간과 무료 자전거 보관장소로 계획된 건물이다. 겉으로 볼 때 평범한 외관에 화려한 U-Glass패널로 마감되어 있는 듯하지만 미국 최초로 친환경인증(LEED)을 받은 주차장이다. Moore Ruble Yudell Architects & Planners팀은 공공을 위한 편의시설을 제공하면서 지속가능한 디자인을 통해 모범적인 건축을 구현하고자 하였다.

기울어진 형태로 옥상층에 설치된 태양광 전지 패널은 건물의 스카이라인을 강조하며 시빅센터의 상징물로 인식된다. 지붕에 설치된 태양광패널을 통해 낮 시간 동안 전력을 충분히 생산하게 된다. 건물 외벽을 구성하는 다색유리는 낮에는 내부에 빛나는 아름다움을 제공하고, 밤에는 태양광패널로 생산된 전기를 통해 붉은색, 파랑색, 노랑색 등 다채로운 색상으로 건물을 물들인다. 건물의 모든 입면은 자연통풍과 채광이 각층에 유입되도록 하였으며 화이트 도장마감은 빛과 공기의 질을 최대치로 높여준다.

이러한 시빅센터의 주차장 디자인은 주차장 이용자들에게 편안함은 물론 안전과 보안 등을 제공한다. 총 8개의 층으로 마련된 주차공간은 중앙 집중형의 순환구조를 통해 접근이 가능하다. 엘리베이터와 계단 등의 코어는 두 개의 주요한 보행자 동선을 고려하여 위치한다.

이렇듯 시빅센터 주차장은 사뭇 평범하게 지나칠 수 있는 주차장의 고정관념을 탈피할 수 있게 시도한 건축가의 사려 깊음을 엿볼 수 있다. 건물에 담겨진 친환경건축의 적극적인 접근은 지속가능한 디자인과 더불어 지역사회의 도시환경을 더욱 쾌적하게 만드는데 일조하고 있다. ANN

James Mary O'Connor moore ruble yudell architects & planners Principal, AIA

 자료_ Moore Ruble Yudell Architects & Planners, Photo by John Edward Linden

A recently completed Master Plan for the Civic Center designates a new civic gateway at Fourth Street and the new Olympic Drive to the new district that includes the renovated historic City Hall and Courthouse, and the new Public Safety Building. Intended as an integral part that completes a quadrant of civic buildings, the new structure will provide 900 parking spaces on six levels above grade and two below grade while visually uniting the tableau of diverse buildings. The design team was additionally challenged to create a building that exemplified the city's commitment to sustainable design while strengthening the urban fabric and providing public amenities.

One of the challenges for this project is to create architecture out of a common building type-one that is not generally associated with high design standards. The design addresses this standard service amenity by viewing it from a fresh perspective and taking it to a higher level where it can have a positive influence on its surroundings. Primarily, the building provides 900 parking spaces. In addition, the structure offers a visually memorable arrival point and gateway to the new Civic Center, street-level retail and cafe amenities, spectacular views of the Pacific Ocean and the city, a garden, and a sense of personal safety. The varied amenities incorporated into the Parking Structure allow the designed mass to function beyond its service capacity. The four sides of the building acknowledge the individual urban contexts, thus serving as a fully designed urban presence. Small retail spaces at the pedestrian level expand the building's civic edge, creating a destination as well as a gateway.

A lively café on the main plaza terrace animates the pedestrian flow into and out of the heart of the Civic Center. The Zen garden and a commissioned work of art highlight both the inside and the outside of the building, making it more hospitable to the community than an ordinary parking structure. The building functions as an efficient sustainable designed structure. Photovoltaic panels on the roof and laminated to three facades of the built mass provide much of the building's energy needs. The array of angled photovoltaic cells serves to accentuate the skyline and provides a memorable symbol for the Civic Center. All facades allow natural ventilation and illumination to enter all parking floors. The ceilings are painted white to maximize the quality of light and airiness. Multicolored glass panels welcome day-lighting into the Parking Structure, decreasing the amount of artificial light that is generally needed for this type of building while adding a glowing beauty to the interior by day and a luminous exterior by night.

The structure becomes a sensor and vessel of light, colors, and patterns, ranging from transparent to translucent. The design incorporates several features that provide comfort, safety, and security for users of the Parking Structure. Parking is organized on eight floors, accessed via a centralized circulation spine. The elevator core and stairs are positioned with respect to the two major pedestrian paths in the Civic Center campus. Access and exits have been consolidated at two corners of the building which serve as a control point to efficiently channel both pedestrian and vehicular traffic towards destination points. The reflective surface of the facade can be illuminated after sunset to glow as a shimmering curtain, providing defensible space through a pleasing ambient light. The design does not disguise the utilitarian nature of the building, but instead seeks to celebrate this aspect as part of the design aesthetic. Automobiles, from their colors, types, and movement, are integrated as elements in the overall design strategy. The design solution uses colored laminated glass channels, photovoltaic panels, ribbed pre-cast concrete panels, and steel mesh to render a unique civic presence. The dynamic integration of these materials makes the structure function as an urban curtain in its vibrant context.

James Mary O'Connor_ moore ruble yudell architects & planners

Moore Ruble Yudell, in over thirty years of practice, has earned an international reputation for excellence in design based on an unwavering commitment to humanistic principles and thoughtful design for an extraordinary range of projects and places. Under the leadership of partners Buzz Yudell, FAIA, John Ruble, FAIA, and principals James Mary O’Connor, AIA, Neal Matsuno, AIA, LEED® AP, Jeanne Chen, AIA, Mario Violich, AIA, ASLA, Michael S. Martin, AIA, Krista Becker, AIA, LEED® AP, and Associate Principal Stanley Anderson, AIA, IIDA, Director of Interior Design, the firm has built a diverse portfolio of award-winning work that embraces the critical concerns of community, identity, and place.

Design Architect: Moore Ruble Yudell Architects & Planners

Principal: James Mary O'Connor, AIA

Partners: John Ruble, FAIA/ Buzz Yudell, FAIA/ Job Captain: Halil Dolan Associate

Project Team: Pooja Bhagat, Tim Feigenbutz, Simone Barth, Nozomu Sugawara, Tony Tran, AIA, Christopher Jonick

Client: City of Santa Monica

Location : Santa Monica, CA

Color/Materials: Kaoru Orime

Models: Mark Grand, Halil Dolan, Gerardo Rivero, Jed Bunkowski

Digital Imaging: Halil Dolan, Haruyuki Yokoyama

Executive Architect: International Parking Design (Don Marks, AIA, Dirmali Botejue)

General Contractor: ARB, Inc.

Landscape Architect: Melendrez Design Partners

Lighting Consultant: Francis Krahe & Associates

Artist: Mark Lere

Pre-cast Contractor: Willis Construction Co. Inc.

Structural Consultant: Frame Design Group

Curtain Wall Installer: Woodbridge Glass Inc.

Curtain Wall Engineer: Werner Systems

U-Glass Panels Manufacturer: Bendheim

U-Glass Panels Distributor: Specialty Glazing Systems

Colors on Glass Panels: Grosvenor Solutions in Glass

Photovoltaic Panels: RWE Schott Solar Inc.