Greenhouse in the Botanic Garden, University of Aarhus_ 오르후스 대학 식물원의 그린하우스

지속가능한 디자인 개념을 엿볼 수 있어...

식물지식센터의 기능을 포함하며 에너지 보존을 위한 해결책을 반영해

덴마크 유틀란트 반도의 오르후스(Aarhus)주는 코펜하겐과 견줄만한 대도시로 오르후스 대학의 식물원은 주변 녹지 환경에 한 방울의 이슬 같은 존재로 다가온다.

스칸디나비아반도에서 가장 오래되고 유명한 건축가그룹 C.F. Møller에 의해 디자인된 오르후스 식물원의 그린하우스는 지속 가능한 디자인과 새로운 재료, 선진화된 컴퓨터 기술을 반영해 유기적인 건축물을 만들어냈다. 지난 1969년에 C.F. Møller 건축에 의해 디자인된 달팽이 형태의 온실은 어느덧 국가적인 아이콘이 되었다.

건축가 Danielsen은 “공모전은 독립적이고 새로운 온실을 추구하지만 여전히 이전의 건물과 상호작용을 통해 조화되는 것이 중요하다”고 강조한다. 유기적인 형태와 커다란 부피로 지어진 dll 기능적인 온실은 방문객들이 서로 다른 기후의 공간을 자유롭게 다닐 수 있도록 하였으며, 상부의 플랫폼을 통해 방문객들은 나무 꼭대기로 올라갈 수 있다. 이러한 새로운 온실은 에너지 보존을 위한 해결책과 재료, 내부 기후와 기술을 바탕으로 디자인되었다. 햇볕을 최대한 내부로 끌어들이고 건물의 상호작용을 통해 에너지 소비를 줄일 수 있는 형태를 이끌어 내었다. 겨울철에는 최대로 햇볕이 들어올 수 있게 하였고 여름철에는 가장 적은 빛이 들어올 수 있게 고안되었다.

외관을 형성하는 투명한 돔은 ETFE 포일로 덮여있고 온실 내부는 공기로 가득 찬 차양 시스템으로 구성되어 있다. 온실 구조는 10개의 아치형 강철구조가 지지하며 이로 인해 다양한 크기의 직사각형을 만들어낸다. 남측과 면한 온실의 쿠션은 세 개 층을 형성하며 그 중 두 개는 출력된 것이다. 압력의 변화에 따라 출력된 포일의 위치는 변할 수 있으며 쿠션의 빛과 건물에 들어오는 열량의 변화에 따라 쿠션의 투명도는 감소하거나 증가한다.

전체적으로 이번 프로젝트는 오래된 온실을 종합적으로 복원하는 것을 포함하고 있으며 식물원이 시민들을 위한 식물지식센터이자 확장된 온실의 개념을 유감없이 보여주기에 충분하다. ANN

Architect_ C.F. Møller Architects

자료 C.F. Møller Architects, Photo by Quintin Lake

The new tropical conservatory at the Botanical Gardens in Aarhus is like a drop of dew in its green surroundings. Sustainable design, new materials and advanced computer technology went into the creation of the hothouse's organic form. The snail-shaped hothouse in the Botanic Garden in Aarhus is a national icon in hothouse architecture. It was designed in 1969 by C.F. Møller Architects, and is well adapted to its surroundings. Accordingly, it was important to bear the existing architectural values in mind when designing a new hothouse to replace the former palm house which had been literally outgrown. “The competition sought an independent and distinctive new palm house, but it was essential for us to ensure that the new building would function well in interplay with the old one,” says Tom Danielsen, architect and partner with C.F. Møller Architects.

The organic form and the large volume, in which the public can go exploring among the tree-tops, present botany and a journey through the different climate zones in a way which makes the new hothouse in Aarhus an attraction in a pan-European class in hothouse architecture. An assortment of tropical plants, trees and flowers fills the interior of the greenhouses transparent dome set on an oval base. A pond is located at the centre of the space, while an elevated platform allows visitors to climb up above the treetops.

The design of the new hothouse is based on energy-conserving design solutions and on knowledge of materials, indoor climate and technology. Using advanced calculations, the architects and engineers have optimised their way to the building's structure, ensuring that its form and energy consumption interact in the best possible manner and make optimal use of sunlight. The domed shape and the building's orientation in relation to the points of the compass have been chosen because this precise format gives the smallest surface area coupled with the largest volume, as well as the best possible sunlight incidence in winter, and the least possible in summer. The transparent dome is clad with ETFE foil cushions with an interior pneumatic shading system. The support structure consists of 10 steel arches, which fan out around a longitudinal and a transverse axis, creating a net of rectangles of varying sizes. On the south-facing side, the cushions used were made with three layers, two of which were printed.

Through changes in pressure, the relative positions of these printed foils can be adjusted. This can reduce or increase, as desired, the translucence of the cushions, changing the light and heat input of the building. The total project also includes a comprehensive restoration of the old hothouse, in which the palm house becomes a new botanical knowledge centre aimed at the general public, at the same time as the complex is extended with the new tropical hothouse.

C.F. Møller is one of Scandinavia's oldest and largest architectural practices. Our award-winning work involves a wide range of expertise that covers all architectural services, landscape architecture, product design, healthcare planning and management advice on user consultation, change management, space planning, logistics, client consultancy and organisational development. Simplicity, clarity and unpretentiousness, the ideals that have guided our work since the practice was established in 1924, are continually re-interpreted to suit individual projects, always site-specific and based on international trends and regional characteristics.

C.F. Møller regard environmental concerns, resource-consciousness, healthy project finances, social responsibility and good craftsmanship as essential elements in our work, and this holistic view is fundamental to all our projects, all the way from master plans to the design. Today C.F. Møller has app. 350 employees. Our head office is in Aarhus, Denmark and we have branches in Copenhagen, Aalborg, Oslo, Stockholm and London. C.F. Møller Architects is owned by a partner group consisting of Tom Danielsen, Klavs Hyttel, Anna Maria Indrio, Mads Mandrup Hansen, Klaus Toustrup, Julian Weyer and Lone Wiggers. Michael Kruse, Christian Dahle and Mårten Leringe are *associate partners. The management for C.F. Møller consists of Chairman of the board Klavs Hyttel, CEO Klaus Toustrup, COO Helle Lehmann Staun and CFO Birgit Møller. The parent company for all of the C.F. Møller companies in Denmark and abroad, C.F. Møller A/S, is registered with the Danish Business Authority under company register number 29826951.

Architect: C.F. Møller Architects

Landscape: C.F. Møller Landscape

Client: Aarhus University and Danish University & Property Agency

Size: 3300㎡(1242㎡ new tropical hothouse and 2071㎡ renovation and rebuild of existing hothouse, Rise of arches up to 17.5m, Span of arches up to 41m

Engineering: Steel load-bearing structures: Søren Jensen A/S

Foil cushion planning: form TLG mbH

Fitter: CenoTec GmbH Textile Constructions GmbH, Greven(D)

Supplier: Nowofol Kunststoffprodukte GmbH & Co. KG, Siegsdorf(D)

Prizes: 2014 Aarhus Municipality Architecture Award, 2009 1.prize in architectural competition

Materials : Nowofol ETFE foil, Biaxially bent cushion edge profiles made of aluminium