Tian Yun Affordable Office Complex_ 베이징 티안윤 오피스 콤플렉스
중정을 중심으로 절묘하게 조합된 4개의 유기적인 L자형 매스
5가지 유형의 곡면 변화를 통해 차별화된 입면을 구성해
중국 베이징 북동쪽 교외지역 순이구에 23,600㎡ 면적에 지상 7층, 지하 1층 규모의 티안윤 오피스 콤플렉스가 들어섰다. 티안윤 오피스 단지는 급격한 도시화와 환경오염, 산업의 고도화로 인해 도시 외곽에 제조업체를 위해 마련된 복합 업무 단지이다.
건물은 직방형의 반듯한 대지에 4개의 유연한 매스가 중앙 광장을 사이에 두고 서로 정답게 맞물려져 있는 형상이다. 설계를 맡은 아키텍처 프랙시스는 기본 사무실의 단위 체계를 연구하여 모듈 방식으로 조립(Modularization)하여 사뭇 차별화된 오피스 콤플렉스의 공간 개념을 이끌어냈다. 기존의 평면은 8.4×8.4m 구조 프레임으로 I자, T자 및 십자형 단위에서 출발하고 공간의 효율성을 위해 효율적인 기능을 결합시켰다. 사무실의 활용 용도를 높이기 위해 각 층에 3.3m 캔틸레버도 추가해 입면의 차별화를 꾀했다. 외관을 형성하는 둥근 모서리는 중국 전통 문화의 기본적으로 티안윤 오피스의 디자인은 사이트의 특성을 기반으로 한다. 중앙 광장을 중심으로 L자 형태의 평면의 기본 모듈로 다층적으로 조합되어 있다. 큰 유닛은 2600㎡이고 작은 유닛은 1900㎡로 절묘하게 엮여 전체 바닥면적을 만들어내고 있다. 각각의 건물은 중앙광장을 에워싸고 있으며, 5가지 유형의 곡면은 서로 점진적인 변화를 꾀한다. 두 매스 사이의 충돌을 줄이고 매스가 만나는 경계를 자연스럽게 융합하고 있는 듯하다.
이러한 곡면의 리듬감 있는 변화는 발코니의 리듬감 있는 변화를 낳고 오피스 공간 사용자의 만족도를 높여준다. 각 층별 발코니 끝 지점에는 플랜트 박스에 사철나무를 조경하여 건물 전체에 싱그러움을 유도한다. 데크와 곡선형 길로 형성된 중앙 마당의 자연스러운 조경과 휴식 공간으로 꾸며진 외부 조경 시설과 어우러져 오피스 외부 공간에 활력을 불어넣고 있다. 각 유닛에는 소형 기능 코어와 유리 커튼월, 실내 수직 조경과 더불어 사용자의 필요에 따라 유연한 공간 변화를 꾀한 가변적인 내부 공간은 티안윤 오피스를 더욱 돋보이게 만든다. 지하에는 주차장과 레스토랑이 자리하며, 유리 톱라이트를 통해 지하 레스토랑에 자연스러운 자연광을 유입한다.
아키텍처 프랙시스는 문화 및 물리적 맥락에 대한 이해를 바탕으로 건축과 주변 환경을 통합하는 독창적이고 조화로운 접근 방식을 제안하고 있다. 디 샤후아 대표건축가는 지역 특성에 맞는 경제적이고 환경 친화적인 재료를 통해 실용적이면서 효율적인 프랙시스 만의 특별한 공간을 창출하고자 한다.
신정은·강선아 기자
Lead Architect_ Di Shaohua, 자료_ PRAXiS d’ARCHITECTURE
Photos by Feng Shuxian, He Lian, Zhou Ruogu
In the outskirts of the second and third-tier cities in China, some areas have been defined as industrial by the governments to accommodate manufactures to serve for the city’s development. However, due to rapid urbanization, more strict environmental pollution control and industrial upgrading, large-scale manufacture plants must move away from major cities. Consequently, new industries are in demand to fulfill these industrial sites in the urban fringe, and the main industries and functions that are filling up the spaces are now research and technology businesses relevant to manufacturing industries.
Our client is a private investment company who has procured the land from the local government after conducting market analysis to develop products of office architecture that meet market demand: an office park that contains mainly single office units and with a fraction for commercial facilities. This is the premise of the design. Target sales and leasing tenants of the office compound are small and medium-size private enterprises. Some of these companies need to upgrade to bigger cities from fourth or fifth-tier cities. They would choose to rent or buy an independent office building of their own on the fringe of city at an affordable price than paying for expensive downtown rent. Moreover, the large-scale industrial plants aforementioned that have moved away still need some functions such as showrooms or clearing houses to remain at the previous location to maintain the bond with big cities. Such market demand hence becomes the backbone of business operation of the office park.
The influx of new businesses will bring unprecedentedly higher tax revenue to local governments. Thus the local governments are more than willing to offer the land to real estate developers with rational proposals at a bargain price, which makes it possible for the sales and leasing prices of the end product affordable to private enterprises. This business model benefits local government, developer and private companies, creating a virtuous circle under market mechanism. Tianyun Office complex is a principal and sample complex completed in Beijing. It is used in testing markets to future large-scale implementations in other cities.
Our design started from studying the basic office unit. The concept of Modularization is applied in the design of office unit. The floor plan is defined by either one or two 8.4m by 8.4m structure frames with an additional 3.3m cantilever to facilitate office use. Combined with it is an efficient functional core that has solved the puzzle of connecting office units and maximizing the office space use to achieve a room rate at minimum 90%. Units can be arranged to form several basic geometrical forms: I-shaped, T-shaped and cross-shaped, which can be mixed and configured to achieve rich architectural forms and urban spaces. The height of each building can be 5 to 7 floors above ground.
The design of Tianyun complex is based on the characteristic of the site. L-shaped form was chosen from the four basic geometries to enclose the site to generate a central plaza. Each L-shape building is made of two office units. The buildings have seven floors above ground and one basement level. The total floor area of the large unit is 2600 sqm, while the small unit is 1900 sqm.
The architecture facade is also based on modularization. Rounded corner emphasizes fluidity as well as symbolizing harmony in Chinese traditional culture. We have made analysis on the gradual changes of five types of curve boundaries in the vertical direction and then reduced to an alternate repetitions of two curve boundaries. An office unit with less modules is to maximize the efficiency of duplication and to minimize construction cost when high-frequency repetition is anticipated in a bigger scale development. The alteration of two curve boundaries is sufficient in providing more sunlight to the interior while enriching an individual’s experience of spatial change on the balcony.
The modularization system saved cost in construction, so the balconies with planters around is affordable within the limit of the budget. The curved balconies with planters embrace the glazed office spaces and creates fluid social space during work breaks. Due to the cold weather in the north part of China, instead of applying deciduous ivy, euonymus japonicus was chosen to create plant terraces to achieve vertical greening which can survive through the cold winter. Each unit has a compact functional core, the glass curtain walls reach the floor on each level to maximize natural sunlight and view for the users. The clean office space offers maximum flexibility for future tenants when they envision their own interior design. Parking and restaurants are built underground. The glass roof in the plaza provides daylight for underground restaurants. All the materials used are domestic materials, which helped to control the budget.
Since completion of the Tianyun Complex, it has received great results in test marketing. PRAXiS d’ARCHITECTURE is now working on the next phase of design using this product as the main typology to incorporate it into a land parcel of approximately 200 acres.
건축가 프로필
DI SHAOHUA founded PRAXiS d’ARCHITECTURE in 2009. She graduated from Tianjin University with a B.Arch and Massachusetts Institute of Technology with a professional degree of M.Arch and a post professional degree of S.March.S in Urbanism. In 2003, she received Frances Ward Chandler Prize from MIT. She has been studio critic for architecture department in China Central Academy of Fine Arts. Before establishing her own practice, she worked for Perkins+Will and Qian Men 23 renovation project in Beijing. Shaohua adopts an ingenious and harmonious approach to integrate architecture and its surroundings based on her understandings of the site’s cultural and physical context. She strives to create extraordinary spatial experiences by using economic, eco-friendly and local materials and available means of construction. Regardless of project scale, she seeks to fully realize architecture’s practical values while fulfilling it with spirit, and to create clean details.
Architecture Design: PRAXiS d’ARCHITECTURE
Team: Di Shaohua, Liu Xing, Feng Jiancheng, Lu Dongxia, Huo Junlong, Jiang Bo, Xu Xinxin, Zhan Enhe
Construction Documentation: China Construction Engineering Design Group Co.,LTD.
Client: Gold Concord Investment Co.,LTD.
Interior Design(600 sqm sample office): Lin Zhenzhong, STID Group
Landscape Design: Alex Camprubi，Arppa Design Studio
Lighting Design: Beijing Kai Shun Teng Engineering Consultant LTD
Location: Shunyi District, Beijing
Status: Completed
Size: 23,600 sqm
Photographer: Feng Shuxian, He Lian, Zhou Ruogu
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