Le Toison d’Or_ 브뤼셀 토이슨 디오르 복합건물
일곱 개의 거대한 수직 풍선(vertical balloon)을 품고 있는...
주거와 리테일 공간을 아우르는 V형 매스의 수직적 볼륨감과 수평적 정원의 고요함, 리듬적인 흐름으로 도시에 생기를 부여해
세계적인 건축회사 유엔스튜디오의 벤 판 베르켈이 벨기에 건축가 Jaspers-Eyers가 공동으로 디자인한 르 토이슨 디오르(Le Toison d’Or) 주거상업 복합건물이 벨기에 브뤼셀에 새롭게 들어서 화제가 되고 있다. 전형적인 ㄷ자형 블록 구조로 프로윈코(ProWinko)를 위해 다목적으로 개발된 건물은 저층부에 리테일 공간을 두고 상층부에 주거 프로그램을 배합한 것이 특징적이다.
건물은 72개 아파트(50~750㎡)와 13,000㎡ 면적의 상업 공간, 1,040㎡ 면적의 보육시설, 330대의 주차 공간, 2,950㎡ 면적의 도시정원으로 구성되어 있다. 건물의 북측은 넓은 차도와 직접적으로 면하고 동측과 서측은 골목과 주변 건물로 에워싸여 있었다. 이에 건축가는 르 토이슨 디오르 파사드에 흡사 열기구 풍선이나 주걱 형태를 닮은 볼륨감을 외관에 디자인하였다. 저층부에서 좁게 시작된 열기구 풍선형 곡선 프레임은 리테일 공간을 더욱 특색 있게 만들어준다. 아울러 수직인 흐름을 이어가며 이내 상층부의 주거공간의 발코니를 부드럽게 감싸 안는다. 이를 통해 굴곡진 곡선형 프레임은 단순화되기 쉬운 복합건물의 외관에 질감과 깊이감을 부여하기에 충분하다.
건축가 벤 판 베르켈은 “리테일의 공간을 가급적 밝고 개방적으로 만들고자 하였으며, 리테일 공간은 상층부의 두드러진 견고함과 대비되어 마치 수직적 풍선(vertical balloon)이 건물을 옮기는 듯한 환상을 심어주고자 하였다”고 디자인 의도를 밝혔다. 또한, “건축 설계를 할 때 관념에 집중하고 외형적인 부분을 피하려고 했으며, 거리에서 보이는 파사드를 위해 두 개의 건물 사이에 공간을 이용하였다”고 덧붙였다. 이렇듯 건물의 북측과 동서측 입면에 형성된 크고 작은 일곱 개의 풍선들은 건물 자체에 볼륨감 있게 박혀져 연속적인 리듬감을 부여하는 동시에 브뤼셀 도심지에 흥미진진한 건축 이야기를 새롭게 쓰고 있다. 건축가의 말처럼 실제로 건물 전체를 멀리서 흐릿하게 조망하면 커다란 블록이 거리 위에 떠있는 듯한 독특한 인상을 받게 된다.
주거와 상업시설이라는 서로 다른 두 가지 기능적 영역 사이에서 존재하는 V형태의 비주얼하면서도 볼륨감 있는 매스는 서로 깊은 연결고리를 형성해준다. 저층부 대형 디스플레이창의 용도로 활용되는 리테일 외벽에 차별화된 포인트로 작용하는 수직 풍선의 테두리는 벽면을 수직적으로 상승하듯 타고 올라가며 상층부까지 연속적인 힘을 이어간다. 수직 풍선의 매스 안쪽으로는 수직으로 길게 이어지는 스틸 구조가 심지처럼 지지하고 이를 에워싸는 수평적 발코니가 입체적으로 도시를 향해 튀어 나와 있다. 볼륨감 있는 양각의 V형 매스 사이의 빈 영역(V Shape Portals) 역시 음각 형태로 건물의 입체적인 흐름에 일조한다. 상하부의 서로 다른 방향으로 출발한 V형 매스는 서로 충돌하기보다는 절묘하게 맞물려 있으며 르 토이슨 디오르만의 강렬한 인상을 결정지어 준다.
거리의 정면에서 인식되는 수직적인 파사드의 강렬한 이미지와 대비되어 남측면에서 느껴지는 정원은 사뭇 수평적인 흐름으로 다가온다. 주도로에 면한 북측 입면은 가장 높게 처리되어 있지만 남측으로 갈수록 점차 낮아지면서 주변 건물과의 조화로움을 추구하고 있다. 건물 안쪽에 넓게 조성된 공동정원으로 난 길을 따라 이어지는 동선과 ㄷ자형 배치, 자못 넓은 비율로 형성된 발코니는 거주자들에게 도시생활에 차분한 녹색 환경을 제공한다. 건물에 둘러싸여 고요함마저 느껴지는 공동 정원은 주민들의 사회적 커뮤니티의 가능성을 넓혀주는 시티 가든인 셈이다.
건물 내에는 50~750㎡ 면적에 크고 작은 72개의 다양한 주거 공간이 형성되어 있다. 아파트 방문객과 주민들은 거리에서 직접적으로 건물로 들어설 수 있으며 큰 계단에서는 주 리셉션 로비로 이어진다. 아파트 내부는 가급적 많은 양의 햇빛이 들어올 수 있도록 거실 바닥부터 천장까지 최소 2.7m로 설계되어 있다. 거리를 따라 늘어선 아파트의 경우, 거실 바닥부터 천장까지 높이가 3미터가 넘기도 한다. 대형 가구가 있는 오픈 키친은 아파트 중심부에서 격식 없는 흥미로운 공간과 환기의 기능을 제공한다. 르 토이슨 디오르 건물의 또 하나의 특별함은 지속가능한 디자인에 높은 기준을 두고 있다는 점이다. 파사드의 열이 밖으로 나가지 못하도록 적용한 3중 유리는 물론 높은 수준의 방음 기준, 아파트와 리테일 공간을 아우르는 독창적인 열병합 시스템, 유리 섬유 강화 콘크리트의 사용 등이 그것이다.
이처럼 일곱 개의 거대한 수직 풍선을 건물에 품고 있는 토이슨 디오르 건물은 도시에서 두각을 나타내기 쉽지 않은 저층형 주거와 리테일 복합건물의 발전 가능성을 효과적으로 제시하고 있다. 건물에 스며든 풍선의 위트적인 개념은 건축가의 창의적인 면모와 구조적으로 풀어간 건축 해법과 어우러져 한 차원 높은 수준의 건축으로 구현할 수 있게 된 것이다. ANN
Ben van Berkel/ Principal Architect of UNStudio, Jaspers-Eyers Architects
자료 UNStudio_ Photo by Hufton + Crow, Eva Bloem
Ben van Berkel of UNStudio’s first completed project in Belgium – ‘Le Toison d’Or’ - has been realised in Brussels. Designed for ProWinko and in collaboration with Belgian architects Jaspers-Eyers, Le Toison d’Or is a hybridisation of a traditional building-block typology and a mixed-use development with a retail podium.
Located on the Avenue de la Toison d'Or between two historical gates(the Porte Louise and the Port de Namur), the mixed-use complex integrates into the urban fabric of its surroundings, whilst simultaneously merging a retail and residential programme. Le Toison d'Or contains 72 apartments(from 50 to 750㎡), 13,000㎡ of commercial space, a 1040㎡ crèche, 330 parking spaces and an elevated city garden of 2,950㎡. In order to avoid the monolithic qualities common to block structures, the façade of Le Toison d’Or is broken up by means of variations in texture, depth and the repeating rhythm of a series of curved vertical frames. These frames serve to enclose the balconies of the apartments on the upper floors, whilst also facilitating the large display windows of the retail units. Ben van Berkel: “It was important that the retail units be as open and light and possible. We wanted to contrast this with the apparent solidity of the upper floors, to create the illusion that the vertical balloon-like frames were carrying the building; as if the whole block almost has the potential float above the avenue.” Ben van Berkel: “In architecture we tend to favour abstraction and to avoid figuration. But on the street facade of the Toison d’Or building we wanted to investigate the space between the abstract and the figurative, to create moments of tacit allusion to the pictorial.”
In contrast to the vertical articulation of the street facade, the facades surrounding the elevated courtyard garden follow a horizontal arrangement. Here generously proportioned balconies provide a more tranquil experience of city life. To access the apartments visitors and residents enter the building from the street side, where a large sculptural staircase leads them up to the main reception lobby, which is located towards the rear and elevated above the two retail levels. From here they can continue to further lobby areas furnished with informal seating, where the elevators to the apartments are also located. The apartments in Le Toison d’Or vary in size from small to large, enabling a varied demographic of city residents. To ensure high levels of daylight in the interiors, the floor to ceiling heights reach at least 2.7 meters in living areas. For the apartments situated along the Avenue de la Toison d’Or, this height increases to more than 3 meters. Open kitchens in the form of large furniture elements create an informal entertaining space in the heart of the apartments and determine the circulation through the spaces. Le Toison d’Or has been developed with high standards of sustainability. Main features are the excellent thermic isolation of the facade(including triple glazing), a high standard of acoustic insulation, an inventive cogeneration installation system for both the apartments and the retail units and the use of glass-fiber reinforced concrete.
Facade_ Numerous studies for the facades resulted in the integration of two main grid structures. The duality of the programme(retail and apartments) is translated into the facade design by means of vertical V-shaped portals which serve as a visual link between the two functions. On the lower levels these portals create an open facade with large display windows for the five retail units. In order to achieve even further transparency for the corner retail unit, the load was transferred to the sides of the building, resulting in an open and column-free corner. The V portals further create diversity and rhythm in the facade, in addition to framing the terrace spaces of the apartments. In contrast to the vertical articulation of the street facade, the facades surrounding the elevated courtyard garden follow a horizontal arrangement. Here generously proportioned balconies provide a more tranquil experience of city life.
Elevated City Garden_ The communal courtyard garden(designed by Lodewijk Baljon) - which comprises tree-lined paths, planted areas, seating and a children’s play area - enhances the possibility for social interaction between the residents. Crossing two levels and encircled by the building, the communal gardens offer the residents a secure, tranquil, natural environment within the city and green views from the apartments.
Sustainability_ Le Toison d’Or has been developed with high standards of sustainability. In the design stage it received a BREEAM-excellent certificate. Main features are the excellent thermic isolation of the facade(including triple glazing), a high standard of acoustic insulation and an inventive cogeneration installation system for both the apartments and the retail units. Furthermore, glass-fiber reinforced concrete was used in the construction. This thin, lightweight material is extremely versatile for creating different contours, whilst also enabling pre-fabrication, thereby offering distinct advantages during construction in such a central urban location.
UNStudio, founded in 1988 by Ben van Berkel and Caroline Bos, is a Dutch architectural practice specializing in architecture, urban development and infrastructural projects. The name, UNStudio, stands for United Network Studio, referring to the collaborative nature of the practice. Throughout more than 20 years of international project experience, UNStudio has continually expanded its capabilities through prolonged collaboration with an extended network of international consultants, partners, and advisors across the globe. This network, combined with our centrally located offices in Amsterdam, Shanghai and Hong Kong enables us to work efficiently anywhere in the world. With already over seventy projects in Asia, Europe, and North America, the studio continues to expand its global presence with recent commissions in among others China, South-Korea, Taiwan, Italy, Germany and the USA. As a network practice, a highly flexible methodological approach has been developed which incorporates parametric designing and collaborations with leading specialists in other disciplines. The office has worked internationally since its inception and has produced a wide range of work ranging from public buildings, infrastructure, offices, residential, products, to urban master plans. Pivotal UNStudio projects within these fields include; the New Mercedes-Benz Museum in Stuttgart(DE 2006), the large scale mixed-use project Raffles City in Hangzhou(CN 2008-2016), Arnhem Central Station(NL 1996-2015), the Galleria Department Store in Cheonan(KR 2010), the Ardmore Residence in Singapore(SG 2006-2013), the Star Place department store in Kaoshiung(TW 2008), the private family house VilLA NM in Upstate New York(USA 2007), the Agora theater in Lelystad (NL 2007) and the Erasmus Bridge in Rotterdam (NL 1996).
Ben van Berkel – Founder/ Principal Architect
Ben van Berkel studied architecture at the Rietveld Academy in Amsterdam and at the Architectural Association in London, receiving the AA Diploma with Honours in 1987. In 1988 he and Caroline Bos set up an architectural practice in Amsterdam. Ten years later they established a new firm: UNStudio. As a network practice, a highly flexible methodological approach has been developed which incorporates parametric designing and collaborations with leading specialists in other disciplines. Ben van Berkel has lectured and taught at many architectural schools around the world. In 2011 Ben van Berkel was appointed the Kenzo Tange Chair at the Harvard University Graduate School of Design. He is also Professor Conceptual Design at the Staedelschule in Frankfurt am Main. Central to his teaching is the inclusive approach of architectural works integrating virtual and material organization and engineering constructions.
Caroline Bos – Co-Founder/ Principal Urban Planner
Caroline Bos studied History of Art in London, UK, and Urban Planning at the University of Utrecht, NL. In 1988 she founded Van Berkel & Bos Architectuurbureau with the architect Ben van Berkel. The establishment of UNStudio created the opportunity to extend their theoretical and writing projects to the practice of architecture. Caroline recently completed a Master’s Degree in urban and regional planning, at the Geosciences Faculty of the University of Utrecht. She has taught at several (international) schools as a guest lecturer and as a visiting lecturer at Princeton University. Within projects she is specialized in content development and analytic programming and contributes her knowledge on planning, input on the analysis, and translation of the program brief into an Organizational Model suitable for the location.
Architects: UNstudio
Client: TD Immo Invest BVBA, Brussels
UNStudio Team: Ben van Berkel, Gerard Loozekoot with Wesley Lanckriet, Jacques van Wijk and Hans Kooij, Tina Kortmann, Tatjana Gorbachewskaja, Philipp Meise, Jaap-Willem Kleijwegt, Marie Prunault, Tomas Mokry, Nanang Santoso, Olivier Yebra, Thomas Harms, Rene Wysk, Todd Ebeltoft, Patrick Noome, Charlotte Guyaux, Johanna Mencia, Machiel Wafelbakker, Bartek Winnicki, Aurelie Krotoff, Ondrei Kyjanek, Wendy van der Knijff
Belgian architect: Jaspers-Eyers Architects, Brussels(BE)
Local project leader realisation phase: Wesley Lanckriet, U/Define Architects
Structural Engineer: ABCIS Van Wetter S.A., Brussels(BE)
Landscape architect: Lodewijk Baljon landschapsarchitecten, Amsterdam(NL), Atelier Ruimtelijk Advies, Berchem(BE)
Installations: Techniplan adviseurs, Rotterdam(NL), TDEC, Rumst(BE)
Building Physics and sustainability: DGMR, Arnhem(NL)
Cost calculation: BBN adviseurs, Houten(NL), Widnell Europe, Brussels(BE)
Fire Safety: FPC Fire Protection Consultants, Antwerpen(BE)
Quality Control: SECO, Brussels(BE)
Main contractor: CFE NV – BPC Brabant, Watermaal-Bosvoorde(BE)
Location: Avenue de la Toison d’Or 25-29, Brussels, Belgium
Programme: Retail, apartments and underground parking
Building surface: 48000㎡
Building volume: 87000㎥(above ground), 110.000㎥(underground); total 197.000㎥
Building site: 5800㎡
즐겨찾기 추가
