Kings House Apartments_인도 방갈로르의 킹스 아파트먼트 하우스

에너지 절감과 지속가능한 주거 디자인에 대한 고민이 담겨져 있어

인도 남부 카르나타카주의 방갈로르 중심부에 위치한 킹스 아파트먼트는 수준 높은 고급형 주거를 목적으로 지어졌다. 주거단지가 위치한 곳은 방갈로르시에서도 숙박시설과 의료시설, 상업시설이 밀집한 지역이다. 하지만 지방조례의 12m 고도제한 때문에 저층으로 30,000 평방피트에 달하는 대지의 활용도를 최대한 높이는 방식으로 계획되었다. 건물이 지어지는 건설 기간에는 오래 전부터 있어왔던 주변 식물의 훼손을 최소화하는 방식으로 시공되었다. 모든 바닥 판은 녹지와 발코니까지 이어져있으며, 현장의 전후 사정을 고려하여 시공되었다.

건축가는 비행기 날개모양의 대지에 남동측으로 휘어진 날렵한 건물을 계획하였다. 건물은 2개의 매스로 나누어져 있고 서로 연결되어 있다. 지상 4층, 지하 1층 규모의 건물은 친환경적인 요소와 지속가능성에 역점을 두고 설계되었다는 점에서 주목할 만하다. 에너지 절감을 효과적으로 반영하기 위해 자연광의 각도, 그림자 분석, 강우 패턴과 음영 시스템에 대한 태양전지의 연구와 시뮬레이션을 건물 디자인에 반영하였다. 건물의 규모와 창의 위치는 최적화된 냉방 효과를 위해 컴퓨터 시뮬레이션을 기반으로 하여 가장 통풍에 효율적인 모양과 크기로 디자인되었다.

이렇게 적용된 건물은 방갈로르 지역 기후 특색을 고려하여 건축물의 냉난방과 환기 시설을 갖춤으로써 환경 필터로서의 역할을 효과적으로 수행한다. 높은 열 반사율을 위한 태양열 반사 타일, 태양광 조명을 위한 PV셀, 이중 유리, 지하수 재충전을 위한 AAC블록, 침투성 포장 및 빗물 저장 등의 방식을 적용하여 에너지를 절약하고 탄소 배출을 최소화하고자 노력한 점도 건물의 환경 친화적 요소에 보탬을 준다. 약 10,000 평방피트에 달하는 개인 주거 유닛은 환경 친화적 요소가 반영되어 지역적 특색에 맞는 차별화된 고급 주거 공간을 만들어내고 있다. 이렇듯 킹스 아파트먼트는 건물의 디자인 보다는 주변 환경을 고려하고, 이에 적합한 지속가능한 주거 공간을 만드는데 역점을 두었다는 점에서 높이 평가할 수 있다.

킹스아파트먼트를 디자인한 더 퍼플 잉크 스튜디오는 지속적으로 디자인의 매개 변수를 탐구하고 건축과 풍경과의 지속 가능성을 고민하는 젊은 건축 집단이다. 환경에 부합되는 건축을 개발하고 건축에 하이브리드 기술을 접목하기 위한 더 퍼플 잉크 스튜디오는 여러 차례의 국제상을 수상하며 그 존재 가치를 알리고 있다. ANN

Architects_ Aditi Pai Heranjal, Akshay Heranjal

자료_ the purple ink studio, Photo by Shamanth Patil, Bangalore

Occupying a strategic position in the heart of Bangalore city, India, the project is in close proximity with some of the best hospitality, medical and commercial facilities in the city. The clients brief saw a potential for limited ‘Sky Villas’ where the architecture would re-interpret new levels of luxury in living. The built form also had to capture the richness of its vibrant and significant urban context of the city. The design challenge was to capitalize on the potential of the 30,000 Sqft site without compromising on the existing green cover and minimizing the ecological footprint of the structure.

The idea of going higher was restricted by the existing Byelaws which did not allow the building to go beyond 12m. The master plan had to thus examine and organize the programs of the site to address the complexities of Super luxury living within the Green Parameters embedded within the site context. Two blocks were planned to house one apartment on each side per floor that would emerge from sunken gardens and blend into the peripheral greens amidst the site. Each block was articulated using the existing vegetation as a stencil and building was thus carved out. To compensate on the loss of lower vegetation from the site during the construction, every floor plate extends into greens and balconies generating great diversity within the site context.

An integrated design approach was followed to evaluate and maximize the energy reductions of the building. Solar studies and simulations were used to generate data regarding daylighting, shadow analysis, rainfall pattern and shading systems. These studies, along with lighting analysis, were critical to generate the load calculations and sizing and selection of all the Mechanical Systems. To optimize the cooling effect, the building mass and window openings were shaped and sized to best capture the breezes based on Computer Generated Simulations. The Vertical Shading devices are combined with Horizontals to cut off harsh rays of the sun. This functions as a rain protector and also multiplies as a Visual Barrier Sideways. The building thus functions as a selective environmental filter, enhancing the best components of the regional climate to address heating, cooling and ventilation needs of the structure.

The construction deals intensely on using green materials to integrate multiple sustainable features into the project. Using materials like AAC Blocks, PV Cells for solar lighting, Solar Reflective tiles for High heat reflectance, Double Glazed Windows, Permeable Paving & Rain water harvesting for Ground Water Recharge are few of the systems that saves significant energy and minimizes the carbon footprint. While the concept of the building focuses on green factors of design and use of sustainable materials, the aesthetic character of the building is far from being compromised. With individual residential units being approximately 10,000 sqft in size, the ecological elements are conscientiously woven together with the luxury requirements of the project that conclusively expresses a contemporary response which further establishes a contextual relationship and giving each residence the highest degree

The purple ink studio’ is a young architectural practice which believes in constantly exploring the parameters of design and blurring the boundaries between architecture, landscape and sustainability. The studio works closely on each program and situates its projects within a wider research context. We believe in an integrated approach, which is complex, generative and moves beyond the digital techniques. We are constantly engaging in the practices of ‘Regenerative Architecture’ that focuses on conservation and performance through a focused reduction on the environmental impacts of a built structure. The Studio is working on experiments which are based in the present day scenario(as prototypes) which when multiplied, would breed into a series of ‘Eco-cities’, set in the future. These experiments focus on the ‘Kilometer Zero’ concept, which strives to generate locally everything that is necessary for our living." The underlying focus is to integrate the ideas of our architectural theories using a series of integrated/hybrid techniques to develop a new breed of regenerative architecture. The Studio was started in 2011 by Akshay Heranjal and Aditi Pai Heranjal and is based out of Bengaluru, India. The Purple Ink Studio since its inception in 2011 has won numerous 3 International Awards, 3 Indian Awards and have been nominated in 5 Indian Awards. Their works have also been published widely both in print & online media in India, and internationally.

ARCHITECTURE + INTERIORS + LANDSCAPE CONSULTANTS: THE PURPLE INK STUDIO, BANGALORE

OWNERS: KINI FAMILY, DUBAI

LOCATION: BANGALORE, INDIA

GROSS AREA: 80,000 Sqft

STRUCTURAL CONSULTANTS: DESIGN VENTURES INDIA PVT LTD

M.E.P CONSULTANTS: McD BUILT ENVIRONMENT RESEARCH LABORATORY PVT LTD

PRINCIPAL CONTRACTORS: MPN CONSTRUCTIONS PVT LTD

LANDSCAPE CONTRACTORS: GREENPIECE LANDSCAPE INDIA PVT LTD

FITOUTS & CARPENTARY: ULTIMATE INTERIOR SOLUTIONS LLC DUBAI