세계적인 과학기술도시를 표방하는 혁신적인 건축물, 선전과학기술뮤지엄(Shenzhen Science & Technology Museum)

대지의 흐름을 반영한 유기적인 곡면 볼륨과 역동적으로 중첩한 건물 매스

중국 광둥성의 신흥산업도시 선전에 미래 과학도시를 반영한 과학기술관이 들어선다. ZHA가 디자인한 이 건물은 과학 기술의 힘을 배우고 탐구하고 우리의 삶과 미래에 미치는 영향을 이해하기 위해 새롭게 지어졌다. 중국 전역의 교육혁신센터와 연결된 박물관은 세계적인 과학도시로 발돋움하는 선전의 입지를 높여주기에 충분하다.

총면적 125,000㎡ 규모에 U자형의 부드러운 곡면으로 계획된 뮤지엄은 중앙의 아트리움을 중심으로 공공 공간과 갤러리, 교육시설이 서로 절묘하게 연결되어 있는 것이 특징적이다. 일부 전시장은 상설 갤러리지만 다른 갤러리는 전시 유형에 따라 계속해서 변화를 추구하며, 아트리움과 연계하여 내부 공간적 흐름을 반영하고 서쪽 공원과 연결하는 프로그램을 제시한다.

흡사 유기적인 매스가 중첩되어 형성된 독특한 건물 매스는 선전과학기술관의 특징을 보여주기에 충분하다. 건축가는 대지 조건에 순응하고 도시 순환경로를 표현하는 견고하면서도 역동적인 곡면 형상을 디자인에 반영했다. 이렇듯 건물의 외관을 형성하는 유기적인 곡면 볼륨은 남북 고도를 따라 점차적으로 증가하며 군데군데 절개된 매스에 새겨진 투명한 창을 통해 내부의 움직임을 시시각각으로 반영한다. 대지 서쪽으로는 광밍공원의 자연 경관을 한껏 끌어들이고 아트리움 내부로 이어지는 개방적인 커튼월은 적층된 테라스와 접하면서 사뭇 긴장감을 고조시킨다.

선전 과학기술뮤지엄은 그 자체로 도시의 중요한 공공 건축물이자 청소년 교육의 중심지가 되기에 지속가능한 건축을 충실히 반영하고 있다. 세부적인 컴퓨터 모델링과 풍동 테스트를 통해 열 성능, 자연 채광, 바람 수준, 대기 질에 대한 광범위한 분석을 통해 방문객의 편안함과 전시 컬렉션의 보존을 보장하는 동시에 에너지 소비를 절감하는 외피 효과를 극대화하고 있다.

뮤지엄이 입지한 선전은 온화한 겨울과 따뜻한 봄과 가을이 있는 아열대 기후대로 공조시스템과 고효율 글레이징, 조명, 스마트 빌딩관리 시스템을 디자인에 적용함으로써 에너지 효율을 최적화한다. 이를 통해 뮤지엄의 생애주기 성능은 탄소 저감과 중국의 국제표준 녹색기술인증에서 3성급을 달성할 수 있게 된다. 선전과학기술관은 현재 공사가 진행 중이며 2023년 하반기에 완공될 예정이다. ANN

Architect_ Patrik Schumacher ZHA Principal

Charles Walker (Commercial Director), Paulo Flores, Simon Yu ZHA Project Directors

자료_ Zaha Hadid Architects

The future Shenzhen Science & Technology Museum, located within the Guangming Science City, will become a pearl of the Guangzhou–Shenzhen Science Technology Innovation Corridor. The museum will be a key destination to learn and explore the power of science & technology and understand their impact on our life and future. Linked with universities, schools and innovation centres across China, the museum will form the region’s World Class Science City, becoming a landmark institution that will showcase and strengthen Shenzhen’s global position as a leading centre of innovation and technology.

With a total area of approximately 125,000 sq.m, the museum’s U-shaped plan provides intuitive orientation and navigation, guiding visitors through its sequence of interconnecting public spaces, galleries and educational facilities centred around its atrium courtyard; defining a journey of discovery that unites the city and park with the museum’s inspirational exhibitions.

Incorporating maximum adaptability as a basic design principle, the geometries, proportions and spatial experience of each gallery will offer visitors a rich and varied experience each time they visit. While some galleries can remain familiar and unchanged, others will change according to the type of exhibition showing at the time.

The geometric definition of the museum’s envelope has been informed by its programme, echoing the spatial flow within its galleries and connecting the museum’s central atrium with the public park to the west.

The design is a volumetric response to the distinct conditions of the site. Responding to the city to the east, the design is defined by its solidity and dynamic curvilinear geometries that express the many urban circulation routes to the east of the site.

These fluid lines are gradually elongated along the museum’s north and south elevations with openings carved into the volume to offer glimpses of the activity within. To the west, the building transforms as it extends towards the natural landscapes of Guangming Park to define layers of terraces that frame the glazed wall leading to the courtyard atrium at the heart of the museum.

Becoming an important public building for the city and a significant centre for youth education, the Shenzhen Science & Technology Museum is planned as benchmark for sustainability within the region’s civic architecture.

Detailed computer modelling and wind tunnel testing have provided extensive analysis of thermal performance, natural lighting, wind levels and air quality to maximise the effectiveness of the building’s envelope in reducing energy consumption while ensuring visitor comfort and the preservation of its collection.

As the museum will be located within Shenzhen’s subtropical climate with a mild winter and warm spring/autumn, the design optimises energy conservation during Shenzhen’s hot, humid summer with the very high thermal insulation performance of its envelope together with high-efficiency glazing, HVAC, lighting and smart building management systems.

The museum’s procurement, full life-cycle performance and adaptability for future configuration are also evaluated and assessed to reduce embodied carbon and achieve the highest Three-Star rating of China’s Green Building Evaluation Standard. With works on site now underway, construction of the Shenzhen Science & Technology Museum is planned for completion in late 2023.

Project Location: Shenzhen, China, Client: The Bureau of Public Works of the Shenzhen Municipality, Operator: The Shenzhen Association for Science and Technology, Design: Zaha Hadid Architects (ZHA), Consortium Local Design Institute: Beijing Institute of Architectural Design (BIAD)

Consortium Lead (ZHA) Team_ ZHA Principal: Patrik Schumacher

ZHA Project Directors: Charles Walker (Commercial Director), Paulo Flores, Simon Yu, ZHA Project Architect: Edgar Payan

ZHA Project Senior Associate: Lydia Kim

ZHA Project Package Leads: Juan Montiel, Jinqi Huang, Niran Buyukkoz, Saman Dadgostar, Julian Lin, Richard Wasenegger

ZHA Project Team: Berkin Islam, Cheryl Lim, John Kanakas, Sven Torres, Michael On, Yuxuan Zhao, Enoch Kolo, Karina Linnsen, Boyan Hristov, Bechara Malkoun, Mansel Haynes

ZHA Competition Team_ ZHA Project Design Directors: Paulo Flores, Simon Yu

ZHA Project Architects: Karoly Markos, Edgar Payan

ZHA Design Leads: Niran Buyukkoz, Saman Dadgostar.

ZHA Project Team: Jinqi Huang, Berkin Islam, Billy Webb, Cheryl Lim, Christos Koukis, Federico Fauli, Juan Montiel, Jurij Licen, Michal Wojtkiewicz, Bogdan Zaha, Michael On, Yuxuan Zhao, Enoch Kolo, Nastasja Mitrovic

Competition Stage Consultants:

Acoustics Consultants: Marshall Day Acoustics

Exhibitions Consultants: Art of Fact

Cinema Consultants: Teecom

Landscape Consultants: Gillespies

Specialist Consultants (Schematic Design Stage):

Façade Consultant: GYAC (Shanghai)

Acoustics Consultants: Acoustics & Theatre Design Division, East China Architectural Design & Research Institute

Green Building Consultants: Jorjun Green Building Technology, Guangdong

Exhibitions Consultants: Art of Fact

Cinema Consultants: Teecom

Landscape Consultants: Gillespies

Specialist Consultants (Preliminary Design Stage):

Local Design Institute (Structure & MEP): Capol International & Associates Group

Local Design Institute (Architectural): Beijing Institute of Architectural Design

Façade Design Consultants: Dadi Facade Technology

Interior Design Consultants: J&A (Jiang & Associates)

Exterior Lighting Consultants: GD-Lighting Design Consultancy